Linux is an open source operating system that is free to download and use, with various customized distributions that are tailored and designed for specific use cases or operations.

In a statement, French minister David Amiel said (translated) that the effort was to “regain control of our digital destiny” by relying less on U.S. tech companies. Amiel said that the French government can no longer accept that it doesn’t have control over its data and digital infrastructure.

The French government did not provide a specific timeline for the switchover, or which distributions it was considering. The switchover will begin with computers at the French government’s digital agency, DINUM. When reached by TechCrunch, a spokesperson for Microsoft did not comment on the news.

This is the latest effort by France to reduce its dependence on U.S. tech giants and use technology and cloud services originated within its borders, known as digital sovereignty, following growing instability and unpredictability on the part of the Trump administration. 

Lawmakers and government leaders across Europe are growing more aware of the looming threat facing them at home, and their over-reliance on U.S. technology. In January, the European Parliament voted to adopt a report directing the European Commission to identify areas where the EU can reduce its reliance on foreign providers.

Since taking office in January 2025, Trump has upped his attacks on world leaders — straight-out capturing one and aiding in the killing of another. He has also weaponized sanctions against his critics, who include judges on the International Criminal Court, effectively cutting them off from transacting with U.S. companies. Those who have been sanctioned have reported having their bank accounts closed and access to U.S. tech services terminated, as well as being blocked from any other U.S. service.

France’s decision to ditch Windows comes months after the government announced it would stop using Microsoft Teams for video conferencing in favor of French-made Visio, a tool based on the open source end-to-end encrypted video meeting tool Jitsi.

The French government said it also plans to migrate its health data platform to a new trusted platform by the end of the year.