Legacy of conflict

The Bawku conflict, rooted in complex chieftaincy disputes between the Kusasi and Mamprusi communities, traces back to colonial times and has transformed the once-buoyant border town into a flashpoint of armed violence.

The conflict has seen cycles of violent clashes leading to the implementation of curfews, military deployments and the closure of businesses.

Hundreds have been killed directly as a result of the conflict, forcing a decline in economic activities, professionals declining postings to the area, and residents fleeing the area.

Basic social services such as education and health care have been severely disrupted, with the conflict destroying livelihoods and creating a persistent state of tension in the region.

Otumfuo’s intervention

The Asantehene's involvement in the peace process began during the period of President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo and scaled up when President John Dramani Mahama sought his intervention following a resurgence of violence that resulted in multiple casualties, including the deaths of two police officers and a military officer.

The current mediation initiative has involved both separate and joint meetings between the opposing parties, conducted behind closed doors at the Manhyia Palace.

The NPC has commended Otumfuo's “decisive leadership", describing his structured engagement as "the most significant breakthrough yet towards ending the protracted violence" and "the most credible path to achieving lasting peace in the conflict-prone municipality".

This is not the Asantehene's first major mediation effort. His previous involvement in the resolution of the Dagbon conflict bolstered his reputation as a neutral and successful mediator.

Final push

A statement from the Manhyia Palace said the November 30 and December 1 sessions were expected to be the "concluding session" of the mediation process.

The Palace announced: "His Majesty praises both sides for their positive approach to the mediation so far and appeals to all concerned to avoid any actions likely to affect the progress towards a lasting solution to the Bawku conflict".

The National Peace Council has similarly expressed profound optimism as the "high-stakes, multi-stage process moves into its conclusive phase", urging both factions to maintain their calm posture and openness as the process enters its most crucial phase.

Beyond Bawku

Analysts note that a successful resolution would represent more than just local peace.

The NPC has emphasised that resolving the traditional and chieftaincy disputes would mark a significant milestone for national peace and cohesion and consolidate Ghana's reputation for resolving complex conflicts peacefully.