Yunus Musah has already had to make a number of bold decisions that have shaped his young career.

At Valencia, they see the 19-year-old as a perfect example of what the La Liga club are trying to achieve when recruiting young players for their esteemed academy.

Musah played with the likes of Bukayo Saka, Emile Smith Rowe and Folarin Balogun during his seven years in north London - while aspiring to one day be a Mesut Ozil or Olivier Giroud on his trips to the Emirates - but was convinced by Valencia that his future lay in Spain.

"It wasn't hard to come into a new culture," says Musah, who was born in New York City to Ghanaian parents and lived in Italy until the age of nine, when he moved to London.

"The thing that really attracted me was the history behind the club, knowing so many players from the academy have been given an opportunity to flourish in the first team. It made me want to pursue my dreams here.

"Living in Spain has been great. I have met a lot of people and have learned the language - it is another experience I have added to my life and the best part is I am doing it while doing what I love, which is playing football."

Musah is set to play his 20th La Liga game of the season when Valencia host Barcelona on Sunday and his 60th in all competitions since breaking into the first team aged 17 last term.

"At this age, playing for the first team and having the trust from the club to play week in, week out is amazing," adds Musah, who has also now won 13 caps for the USA.

'The first reaction is very painful'

Anil Murthy was a Singaporean diplomat before joining Valencia in 2017

Valencia have a reputation for developing world-class players but in recent years that has become more of a necessity for a club battling financial constraints, with the Covid-19 pandemic wiping out half their revenue.

They responded to the loss of 100m euros - around £80m - by selling five key players in the summer of 2020, including Ferran Torres to Manchester City and Rodrigo Moreno to Leeds.

"The first reaction is very painful," says Valencia president Anil Murthy. "You need to reduce your team costs, you do this by letting go of players who are earning more; that reduces the quality of your team as well.

"You must take a medium-term perspective as well because we want this club to be fixed and you cannot stop growing, and you keep growing off the pitch - off the pitch is a smaller investment than paying or buying footballers."

The off-field projects he refers to include completing Valencia's Nou Mestalla stadium, where construction began 15 years ago, and developing their academy.

The Singaporean says Valencia are "not out of the hole" financially and will continue to invest in young prospects "that bring you a higher value in future", adding they "don't hesitate to sell" when the time is right for the club.

But Murthy says rebuilding the playing squad is a "much easier fix" and this season Valencia have held on to their most important assets, despite bids for Portugal winger Goncalo Guedes, while adding promising youngsters on loan in RB Leipzig's Ilaix Moriba and Tottenham winger Bryan Gil.

'Is he recovering? Tracking back? Talking to coaches?'

More than 100 graduates have made their debut with Valencia since the academy's inauguration in 1992 but the club are constantly looking at ways to improve.

They have reduced the number of players in each age group to focus on "quality rather than quantity" and spent money on improving scouting to bring in more international players, with youngsters from Japan, Senegal and Norway now on their books.

"We decided to put the player at the centre of the project and surround them with all the elements that are important," explains academy general director Sean Bai.

"Day by day we create a culture of learning and self-upgrading."

There is also an identity department, which sets out to transmit the club's "DNA" throughout every age group and provide a pipeline of talent for the first team.

"Our end goal for the academy is to one day see a player putting on the jersey and you can associate him with being a Valencia player from the style of play and values he is transmitting," says Bai.

A big focus goes on personality and what players do off the pitch, with academy prospects expected to pass school exams in order to train and play.

"We spend time to talk to people around them, friends and team-mates, our contacts who might know them, the family," says Bai. "What is their style and what are they like in the dressing room? Are they players who can assimilate into Valencia and function in a team?"

He says as well as looking at the "highlights of any players, young players as well", a big focus goes on whether they are "performing at the level throughout the rest of the game" and in training, showing they "deserve of a place in Valencia academy".

He adds: "The moments when the player loses the ball, is he recovering, tracking back, helping his team immediately? When scouts go and look at games, they stay on after and look at how players behave, their body language, do they talk to their team-mates and the coach? Are they angry? How do they respond?"

This is why Musah is held in such high regard.

Musah was also eligible to represent England, Italy and Ghana before choosing the United States

"When Yunus first came here, very quickly he was training with the reserve team, he wasn't doing as well in the moment so we brought him back down to the under-19s," says Bai.

"Most players would have got frustrated, unhappy, complained to their agent or the sporting director. Yunus went down and played his heart out, smiling in every training session and every game, and eventually he jumped to the first team."

The teenager says those aspects of his character stem from his family keeping him grounded, making sure he did well at school and "kept on the right path".

"My parents definitely made a lot of sacrifices," he says.

"My family coming form Ghana, not from the wealthiest parts, and changing their lives around going to Italy and America and England, all to give their children a better life.

"I am so grateful for that and the values they taught me. Every day I try to implement them in my life and my football."

Musah's progress has simultaneously helped open doors for Valencia when scouting in the US and outside of Europe and also provided the perfect blueprint for the qualities the club are trying to instil in young players.

"What we see in Yunus is not an English, American, Italian or Ghanaian player, but a player with such a strong hunger to improve and such a strong motivation to succeed at the highest level of football," says Bai.

"These are the ingredients needed for success in Europe and that has allowed us to attract a lot more players in that mould. Hopefully we can have similar success with them to what we had with Yunus."