Xi is set to sign a deal on Saturday that will see Italy become the first member of the Group of Seven major industrialized nations to join China’s “Belt and Road” infrastructure project (BRI), which is inspired by historic, centuries-old trade routes.

“We want to revitalize the ancient Silk Road in order to better share the fruits of humanity’s progress,” Xi said following talks with Italian President Sergio Mattarella.

Speaking through a translator, Xi said the two countries should enhance cooperation in infrastructure, ports, logistics and maritime transport.

Besides the BRI accord, various deals worth up to 7 billion euros ($7.9 billion) are expected to be agreed, including agreements opening up the northern ports of Trieste and Genoa to Chinese containers.

Italy’s populist government is eager for such initiatives to get underway swiftly as it battles to revitalize a sickly economy, which has slipped into its third recession in a decade.

Underscoring the warming bilateral ties, Italy offered Xi an extravagant welcome, with a cavalry phalanx escorting his limousine into the courtyard of the presidential palace — the sort of entry normally reserved for royalty.

He will later attend a state dinner in his honor, where Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli will sing for the 170 guests.

Italy’s decision to get closer to Beijing has caused concern amongst its Western allies — notably in Washington, where the White House National Security Council urged Rome not to give “legitimacy to China’s infrastructure vanity project”.

Critics of the BRI say it is designed to bolster China’s political and military influence, bringing little reward to other nations, and warn that it could be used to spread technologies capable of spying on Western interests.

HUMAN RIGHTS

In an effort to allay such fears, Rome moved hastily this week to protect its telecoms sector from foreign predators, and the Italian president stressed on Friday that any deals had to be to advantageous to both countries.

“The Silk Road must be a two-way street and not only trade must travel along it, but also talent, ideas and knowledge,” Mattarella said, with Xi standing alongside him.

The two men promised to bolster cultural connections, saying they would twin Italian and Chinese UNESCO heritage sites.

Mattarella also stressed the importance of safeguarding human rights but did not go into specific details. The U.S. State Department earlier this month slammed rights violations in China, saying the sort of abuses it had inflicted on its Muslim minorities had not been seen “since the 1930s.”

China denied the accusation as groundless and prejudiced.

Italy’s rapprochement with Beijing has come as U.S. President Donald Trump wages a trade war with China, accusing the world’s second-largest economy of unfair trade practices.

Trump’s former chief strategist Steve Bannon is in Rome and called on the Italian government to rethink its position.

“I beseech the people of Italy to look at China’s predatory economic model before signing any deals,” he told reporters. “The Chinese have a rapacious appetite for global domination.”

After leaving Italy on Sunday, Xi will travel to Monte Carlo and then on to Paris, where he will hold talks with French President Emmanuel Macron, German Chancellor Angela Merkel and European Union Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker.