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South Africa's former President Jacob Zuma has been charged with corruption linked to a 1990s arms deal.
After the 75-year-old's 15-minute appearance at the High Court in Durban on Friday morning, the case was adjourned until 8 June.
He faces 16 counts of corruption, racketeering, fraud and money laundering, which dogged his presidency and were reinstated in 2016.
Mr Zuma, who was forced out of office in February, denies any wrongdoing.
His supporters descended on the city to rally for him, while his critics think court action is long overdue.
After the hearing, Mr Zuma addressed the crowds, who had come to stand alongside him at the court in his home province.
"I have never seen it before where someone is charged with a crime, those charges are dropped and then years later those same charges are re-instated. This is a just a political conspiracy," he said in Zulu.
He then led them in song and dance.
The arms deal took place in 1999, the year Mr Zuma moved from being a provincial minister to deputy president.
He is accused of accepting bribes from French arms firm Thales via his financial adviser.
The adviser, Schabir Shaikh, was found guilty of trying to solicit the bribes and was jailed in 2005.
The case against Mr Zuma was dropped shortly before he ran for president in 2009.
Charming the crowds
By Pumza Fihlani, BBC News, Durban
The Zuma of old is still here - the crowd pleaser, the charmer and tactical politician.
This is the Jacob Zuma who boldly addressed crowds outside the courthouse, minutes after his brief hearing.
A sure, perhaps even defiant Zuma told crowds that he is being targeted by political foes both within his party, the ruling African National Congress (ANC), and opposition parties who were against his attempts to bring economic empowerment to black people.
Here in his home province, he remains a hero, who brought development to forgotten corners of this vast and largely rural province.
On the face of it, he appears to be unperturbed by the latest controversy, having survived many a scandal. "I keep asking what has Zuma done and no one has an answer for me," he told the crowds. And with that in mind, Mr Zuma fights on.
The BBC's Andrew Harding said the former president appearing in court on corruption charges was "hugely symbolic" for South Africa's young democracy.
Many, he reports, see it as an era of impunity coming to an end.
The ANC party, led by new president Cyril Ramaphosa, is keen to distance itself from the controversy as it prepares to contest the national elections in a year's time.
Mr Ramaphosa came in on a ticket of clean governance and his party cannot afford another scandal.
The ANC party asked Mr Zuma's supporters not to wear its colours outside court on Friday, but many did not follow this advice, and were seen dressed in black, green and yellow.
Hundreds of police officers were dispatched to provide security in Durban
Mr Zuma's opponents had long fought for him to be charged over the 1990s bribes.
The charges were reinstated in 2016 as his grip on the ruling party, the ANC, weakened.
He was facing his ninth vote of no-confidence in parliament before he left office, forced out by the ANC.
His rule was beset with a series of scandals, including claims of state looting.
In 2016, a court ruled that he breached his oath of office by using government money to upgrade a private home in the rural area of Nkandla. He later repaid the money.
Last year he was also accused of profiteering from a relationship with the wealthy Gupta family - allegations that both parties have denied.
In February, Mr Zuma resigned following intense pressure from the ANC party. He had been told to step down or face another vote of no-confidence in parliament.
Mr Zuma's remaining supporters argue that he is being targeted for backing a radical economic reform agenda.
A battle is also brewing over whether the state should keep paying his legal bills.
