Human rights campaign group Amnesty International says an Egyptian army propaganda video appears to show troops carrying out extrajudicial killings.
The army posted the images on social media earlier this week in an update on its war against militants in the Sinai peninsula.
Amnesty says it has analysed the footage, and it includes a scene in which a soldier shoots a person who's asleep in a makeshift tent.
The video also shows an unarmed man being shot from above as he runs in the desert.
Amnesty describes these as "cold-blooded killings" of people who posed no threat.
It said the footage offered "a glimpse of shocking crimes that are committed in the name of counter-terrorism in Egypt".
The group has demanded an investigation.