The WHO cites Nigeria where the virus has spread from the south, where it was mainly reported until 2019, to central, eastern and northern parts of the country in subsequent years.

The WHO says it is working with partners to better understand the magnitude and cause of a global outbreak "as many cases are being reported in non-endemic countries that have not previously had significant spread among people with no travel to endemic zones".

The WHO has called for a common response to "ensure we reinforce surveillance and better understand the evolution of the disease, while scaling up readiness and response to curb any further spread.”

“We must avoid having two different responses to monkeypox – one for Western countries which are only now experiencing significant transmission and another for Africa,” said Dr Matshidiso Moeti, WHO’s regional director for Africa.

Seven African countries have cumulatively reported about 1,400 monkeypox cases this year up to mid-May, according to WHO. These include 1,392 suspected and 44 confirmed cases.

The cases were reported in Cameroon, Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Liberia, Nigeria, Congo-Brazzaville and Sierra Leone.

Monkeypox was first detected in humans in 1970 in the African region and since then most cases have been reported in rural and rainforest areas.